Florencia 13
| Founded | 1930s |
|---|---|
| Founding location | Florence, Los Angeles, California, United States |
| Years active | 1930s–present |
| Territory | East Phoenix South Los Angeles Mexico Brazil Netherlands Canada Oregon Colorado Florida Hyde park Washington Utah Arizona |
| Ethnicity | Mexican American |
| Membership (est.) | 2,000-3,000+[1][2] |
| Activities | Drug trafficking, assault, robbery, extortion, arms trafficking, theft, murder, racketeering, illegal gambling, and fraud |
| Allies | Mexican Mafia[3] Sureños[4] Pueblo Bishop Bloods Mad Swan Bloods Harvard Park Brims East Coast Crips (Former rivals) |
| Rivals | 18th Street gang[5] 38th Street gang[6] Grape Street Watts Crips[3] Watts Varrio Grape Street 13 Hat Gang Watts Crips Huntington Park Locos Playboys East Side 13 South Los 13 Bloods |
The Florencia 13, also known as South Side Florencia 13, Florence Gang, F13 is an American criminal street gang based in Los Angeles, California, composed mainly of Mexican Americans. The gang is named after the Florence area of Los Angeles County, controlled by the Mexican Mafia.[7] They are involved in drug smuggling, murder, assault and robbery.
History
[edit]The Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department, DEA & ATF began targeting Florencia 13 gang members for their roles in racially motivated attacks on African-Americans.[8] Court testimony and the judges ruling found that F13 members had targeted African-Americans based purely on race.[8] At certain times, Florencia 13 leaders ordered killings of the East Coast Crip gang, according to Los Angeles County Sheriff Lee Baca.[9] The conflict was triggered by the theft by East Coast Crips of a large amount of drugs from Florencia 13 members. This resulted in the Mexican Mafia putting a “green light” out on the East Coast Crips.[10] On January 13, 2019, two people were shot and wounded outside the Fashion Place Mall in Salt Lake City, Utah, after an argument erupted between Florencia 13 and Norteños members. Two male Florencia members, aged 19 and 20, were arrested for involvement in the incident. The two suspects were also charged for a shooting at a group of people at a Taylorsville, Utah cemetery on January 6, which did not harm anyone.[11] On October 6, 2019, four men, ages 20s to 50s, were killed and five injured at KC Tequila, a Hispanic-themed bar and restaurant in Kansas City, Kansas. It was among the deadliest acts of violence in modern Kansas history. The suspects were alleged members of Florencia 13, and are facing murder and attempted murder charges.[12]
Operation Joker’s Wild
[edit]Operation Joker's Wild investigated the gang's drug trafficking, extortion of street criminals, and racially based murders of African Americans in the area. The operation involved the Los Angeles High- Intensity Drug Trafficking Area Task Force, the Drug Enforcement Administration, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the IRS, and the Los Angeles County Probation Department.
In 2007, 102 members of Florencia 13 were listed in indictments, under the operation, leading to the biggest gang raid in American history at the time, with 96 of the 102 members taken into custody.[13] The indictments included charges of drug trafficking, attempted murder, murder, rape and extortion.[13] As of 2009, 94 of the 102 had been convicted or pleaded guilty, 3 had pending trials, 2 had died and 5 were fugitives from justice. The trial further found that the gang was controlled by the Mexican Mafia prison gang.[8]
In Popular Culture
[edit]Between 2005 and 2014 there was a Southern California style Mexican restaurant at 185 Sullivan Street in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of New York City named Florencia 13 after the gang.[14][15]
The Paragon's 1957 song "Florence" is the official theme song of Florencia 13.[16]
References
[edit]- ^ "Appendix B. National-Level Street, Prison, and Outlaw Motorcycle Gang Profiles - Attorney General's Report to Congress on the Growth of Violent Street Gangs in Suburban Areas (UNCLASSIFIED)".
- ^ The Queen of Florencia Sam Quinones, Los Angeles (September 25, 2017)
- ^ a b History of the Florence 13 Gang Richard Valdemar, policemag.com (September 12, 2007)
- ^ As those killed at Tequila KC are laid to rest, the suspects possible gang connections KCTV (October 10, 2019)
- ^ 12 Gangs That Are Keeping The FBI Awake At Night Robert Johnson, Business Insider (March 18, 2014)
- ^ Gang rivalry grows into race war Sam Quinones, Los Angeles Times (October 18, 2007)
- ^ K. Peach, Stephen. Friendly Fire?: The Good, the Bad and the Corrupt. p. 187.
- ^ a b c "Fifth Gang Member Sentenced to Life Without Parole After Convictions in Massive Federal Racketeering Case".
- ^ Watkins, Thomas. "Some of Gang's Killings Race-Based". The Washington Post.
- ^ Gun Violence in the LAPD 77th Street Area George Tita, Scott Hiromoto, Jeremy Wilson, John Christian and Clifford Grammich, RAND Corporation (January 2004)
- ^ "Gang members charged in Utah mall shooting now charged with cemetery shooting". Deseret News. 26 June 2019.
- ^ "As those killed at Tequila KC are laid to rest, the suspects' possible gang connections emerge".
- ^ a b FBI. "Ten Defendants in Largest-Ever Federal Gang Case Found Guilty of Racketeering, Narcotics Charges".
- ^ "Florencia 13 Restaurant". gayot.com. Retrieved 14 Dec 2022.
- ^ "Florencia 13-Sullivan St". Groupon restaurant description. Retrieved 14 December 2022.
- ^ "Florence 13: The Other Transnational Gang". Police Magazine. 2010-12-13. Retrieved 2023-10-20.